Kramer Electronics Saw VS 5x4 User Manual

KRAMER ELECTRONICS, Ltd.  
USER MANUAL  
Vertical Interval Switcher  
Model:  
VS-5x4  
IMPORTANT: Before proceeding, please read paragraph entitled  
"Unpacking and Contents"  
KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD.  
 
1.  
INTRODUCTION  
Congratulations on your purchase of this Kramer Matrix switcher. Since 1981 Kramer has been  
dedicated to the development and manufacture of high quality video/audio equipment. The Kramer  
industrial line has become an integral part of many of the best video/audio production and presentation  
facilities around the world. In recent years, Kramer has redesigned and upgraded most of the industrial  
line, making the best even better. Kramer’s line of professional video electronics is one of the most  
versatile and complete available, and is a true leader in terms of quality, workmanship,  
price/performance ratio and innovation. In addition to the Kramer line of high quality video switchers,  
such as the one you have just purchased, Kramer also offers a full line of high quality industrial and  
broadcast distribution amplifiers, processors, interfaces, controllers and computer-related products.  
Kramer welcomes your inquiries for Kramer equipment or custom-manufactured products,  
engineering, private labeling and OEM manufacturing per your specifications. This manual includes  
configuration, operation and accessory information for the VS-5x4.  
1.1 A Word on Video/Audio Switchers  
A video/audio switcher usually switches between several sources (inputs) and one or more acceptors  
(outputs). A switcher that allows inputs to be connected to several outputs simultaneously is called a  
Matrix Switcher. Switchers may be of the electronic or mechanical type. Most matrices are of the  
active electronic type, with many crosspoints. Vertical Interval Switching, frequently used in video,  
ensures that the transition from one video source to another (such as switching between two genlocked  
cameras) is smooth and without interference. The switching and changeover is done during the blanked  
vertical interval period, when the transition is hidden. Vertical Interval Switching is needed when  
recording or transmitting a video program involving several video sources, as in live broadcast, to  
ensure clean, undisturbed picture transitions. Matrices and switchers can be controlled by touch buttons  
on the front panel, or by a PC, via the built-in RS-232 or RS-485/422 communication ports. Each of  
these is a way of remotely controlling a video/audio device (switcher, SEG, etc.) using a PC with a  
serial port, or another device that uses a similar communication protocol. Several machines can be  
controlled from one PC. Its wide bandwidth permits this switcher to be used in the most demanding of  
applications.  
1.2 Factors Affecting Quality of Results  
There are many factors affecting the quality of results when signals are transmitted from a source to  
an acceptor:  
Connection cables - Low quality cables are susceptible to interference; they degrade signal quality  
due to poor matching and cause elevated noise levels. They should therefore be of the best quality.  
Sockets and connectors of the sources and acceptors - So often ignored, they should be of highest  
quality, since "Zero Ohm" connection resistance is the objective. Sockets and connectors also must  
match the required impedance (75ohms in video). Cheap, low quality connectors tend to rust, thus  
causing breaks in the signal path.  
Amplifying circuitry - Must have quality performance when the desired end result is high linearity,  
low distortion and low noise operation.  
Distance between sources and acceptors - Plays a major role in the result. For long distances (over  
15 meters) between sources and acceptors, special measures should be taken in order to avoid cable  
losses. These include using higher quality cables or adding line amplifiers.  
Interference from neighboring electrical appliances - These can have an adverse effect on signal  
quality. Balanced audio lines are less prone to interference, but unbalanced audio and video lines  
should be installed far from any mains power cables, electric motors, transmitters, etc. even when the  
cables are shielded.  
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KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
2.  
SPECIFICATIONS  
VS-5x4  
5x4 Composite Video / Audio Stereo Vertical Interval Matrix.  
Function  
Inputs  
5 video, 1Vpp/75Composite on BNCs.  
5 stereo audio 1Vpp/ 50kon RCAs.  
DB-9 connector for RS-232 control.  
4 video, 1Vpp/75Composite on BNCs.  
4 stereo audio 1Vpp/100on RCAs.  
74 dB.  
Outputs  
Video S/N Ratio  
Audio S/N Ratio  
Video Bandwidth  
Audio Bandwidth  
Audio THD  
89 dB.  
Exceeding 30 MHz.  
20-20000 Hz, -1dB.  
0.02%.  
0.13%.  
Differential Gain  
Differential Phase  
K-Factor  
0.8 Deg.  
<0.05%  
-47dB  
Video Crosstalk  
Audio Crosstalk  
Switch System  
Switch Time  
-53 dB.  
During vertical interval.  
< 1frame.  
1 DB-9 connector for RS-232, or touch switches.  
2.7 kg. (6 lbs.) Approx.  
Control Type  
Weight  
19 " x 7 " x 1U; 48 cm x 17.78 x 4.5cm.  
230 VAC 50/60 Hz (115VAC U.S.A), 6 VA.  
Power cord, Windows 95/98/NT control software, Null modem adapter.  
Dimensions  
Power Source  
Accessories  
(W x D x H)  
3.  
HOW DO I GET STARTED?  
The fastest way to get started is to take your time and do everything right the first time. Taking 15  
minutes to read this manual may save you a few hours later. You don’t even have to read the whole  
manual. If the section doesn’t apply to you, you don’t have to spend your time reading it.  
4.  
UNPACKING AND CONTENTS  
The items contained in your Kramer VS switcher package are listed below. Please save the original box  
and packaging materials for possible future shipment.  
The VS-5x4 Matrix  
AC power cable  
User’s Manual  
DB-9 to DB-25 or DB-9 to DB-9 Serial (Null Modem) Adapter  
PC-Control Software  
A Concise Directory of KRAMER Products  
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KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
4.1 Optional Accessories  
The following accessories, which are available from Kramer, can enhance implementation of your  
switcher. For information regarding them and about cables and additional accessories, contact your  
Kramer dealer.  
FC-10D - (Composite-YC Comb Filter/Transcoder) can be serially connected to the switcher for  
video format conversion (bi-directionally between two popular video formats - composite video and  
YC (Super-Video). The decoding from composite to Y/C is done digitally using an adaptive comb  
filter and DSP techniques to minimize dot-crawl and cross-color. A built-in vertical enhancer circuit  
reduces noise and dot-crawl on the Y signal. In addition, the FC-10D provides an independent Y/C to  
Composite route, for simultaneous bi-directional operation. The Kramer FC-10D is very small, and is  
fed from an external 12VDC supply, thus ideal for fieldwork.  
FC-4041C - (Genlock RGB/Component to Composite Video/YC Encoder) can be serially connected  
to the switcher for video format conversion. It is a state-of-the-art Encoder, designed for studio and  
other demanding applications. The FC-4041C encodes RGBS or Y, R-Y and B-Y signals to  
composite video and Super-video signals. All inputs are looped through with termination switches,  
allowing parallel connection to other RGBS / Component acceptors. The FC-4041C allows the user,  
via front panel switches, to select whether the Sync is separate or riding on Green. The user can also  
select whether to convert RGBS or Component (Y, R-Y, B-Y) signals to Composite and Y/C. The  
outputs are DC coupled and Black-Level clamped.  
VM-19N - (RGB Decoder) can be serially connected to the switcher for video format conversion. It is  
an industrial level decoder, which converts both composite video and Super-video to their RGB  
components.  
VM-1411 (Video/Balanced Stereo Audio Distribution Amplifier) can be serially connected between  
the switcher and the acceptors for video and audio distribution. It is a full broadcast, state-of-the-art  
machine, designed for studio and other applications. The VM-1411 has two inputs, video and audio,  
each splitting to 5 outputs. The user may select 2 x 1:5 or 1:10 operation via front panel control  
switches. Several VM-1411 units may be chained through the looping inputs. Output signals are (user  
selectable) DC or AC coupled for highest flexibility. Audio outputs are buffered and isolated from  
each other, allowing Hi-Fi Balanced audio distribution.  
SP-11 - (Video/Audio Processor) can be serially connected between the video/audio source and the  
switcher for video and audio control/correction. The machine provides camera control and  
luminance/white balance correction. The SP-11 is also capable of performing composite to Y/C  
conversion and bi-directional transcoding. The machine allows full control over the video signal:  
video gain down to full fade, log or linear definition control, log or linear contrast control, color  
saturation control, black level control, red, green and blue controls and a screen splitter control for  
“before-after” comparison. The input control is "audio-follow-video".  
VIDEO TESTER - A new, unique, patented, indispensable tool for the video professional, the Video  
Tester is used to test a video path leading to/from an amplifier. By pressing only one touch switch it  
can trace missing signals, and distinguish between good and jittery (VCR sourced) signals. Whenever  
a video signal is missing, because of bad connections, cable breaks or faulty sources, the Video Tester  
is all you need.  
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KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
5.  
KRAMER VS-5X4 MATRIX  
This section shows you all of the controls and connections of your switcher. Understanding these helps  
you realize its full power. The switcher is equipped with RS-232 Connector (for PC Control) and the  
connector wiring is described later on.  
The Kramer VS-5x4 is a high performance 5x4 vertical interval matrix switch for composite video and  
stereo audio signals. It is a true matrix, allowing the user to route any input to any or all outputs  
simultaneously. Since the VS-5x4 switches during the vertical interval, transitions are glitch-free  
when sources share common reference sync. Audio signals are always switched together with the  
corresponding video signal, and the large LED display makes it easy to see the current settings. Each  
audio output may be configured to have 0, 2, 4 or 6dB gain by using the front panel switches or RS-  
232.  
Like most Kramer switchers, front panel buttons or RS-232 serial commands can control the VS-5x4.  
For applications requiring remote control via a Windows-based personal computer, Kramer’s new K-  
Switch software is provided at no additional cost. It is easy to use, dependable, rugged, and fits in one  
vertical space of a standard 19” rack.  
5.1 Features of the VS-5x4 Matrix Switcher  
Front/Rear panel features of the VS-5x4 are shown in Figure 1; the features are described in Table 1.  
Figure 1: VS-5x4 Front/Rear Panel Features  
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KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
Table 1: VS-5x4 Front / Rear Panel Features  
No.  
1.  
2.  
3.  
4.  
Feature  
Function  
Illuminated switch: supplies power to the unit.  
POWER Switch  
OUTPUT SELECTOR  
STATUS display  
ALL  
Four buttons to select the desired output connection.  
Displays which Video/Audio input is switched to which output.  
When pressed, followed by an input button, connects that  
audio/video input to all audio/video outputs.  
5.  
When pressed after pushing an output button, disconnects that  
video/audio output from the video/audio input. To disconnect all  
the outputs, press the ALL button followed by the OFF button.  
OFF  
6.  
7.  
8.  
9.  
Five buttons to select the desired input connection.  
Video inputs used to connect the video sources, on BNCs.  
Video outputs used to connect the video acceptors, on BNCs.  
Audio inputs used to connect the stereo audio input sources, on  
RCA’s.  
INPUT SELECTOR  
VIDEO INPUTS  
VIDEO OUTPUTS  
AUDIO INPUTS  
10.  
11.  
Audio outputs used to connect the stereo audio output acceptors,  
on RCA’s.  
Used to control the Matrix Switcher from a PC, or remote  
control device, through an RS-232 interface and a null-modem  
adapter (provided with the machine).  
AUDIO OUTPUTS  
RS-232  
NOTE: Operation of the machine from a remote PC may be  
done using the K-Switch control Software (provided with the  
machine).  
12.  
A 3-prong AC connector allows power to be supplied to the unit.  
Directly underneath this connector, a fuse holder houses the  
appropriate fuse.  
Power Connector  
6.  
SOLUTIONS PROVIDED WITH THE VS-5X4  
Video recording and playback frequently involving the use of several devices such as Video  
Cassette Recorders, Video Disc Players, Cameras, Video monitors, Video processors, Special  
Effects Generators, Live or Satellite Feeds or any combination of the above.  
Hooking up a complex setup of several devices may result in a maze of wires, which is difficult  
to manage, cumbersome and possibly dangerous.  
The VS-5x4 Vertical Interval Switcher offers an innovative solution to many of the problems  
arising from switching, editing and signal distribution.  
The VS-5x4 Vertical Interval Switcher is simple-to-operate having five Composite video and  
five stereo audio inputs; and four Composite video and four stereo audio outputs. This allows  
you to simultaneously connect five sources and four acceptors efficiently and safely.  
7.  
APPLICATIONS OF THE VS-5X4  
a. A fully buffered and amplified matrix switching system.  
b. A four output Composite video and stereo-audio distribution amplifier with selectable  
inputs.  
c. A production, routing and program/preview switcher.  
In the VS-5x4, video signals are switched by means of digital control pulses during the Vertical  
Interval.  
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KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
8.  
INSTALLATION  
8.1 Rackmounting  
The VS-5x4 may be rackmounted in a standard 19” (1U) EIA rack assembly and includes rack “ears”  
at the ends of the front panel. The device does not require any specific spacing above or below the unit  
for ventilation. To rack mount the matrix, simply place the unit’s rack ears against the rack rails of the  
rack, and insert standard screws through each of the four corner holes in the rack ears.  
9.  
CONNECTING TO VIDEO DEVICES  
Video sources (such as cameras and VCRs) and output devices (such as monitors, projectors or  
recorders) may be connected to the switcher through the connectors located on the back of the unit.  
10. CONNECTING to AUDIO DEVICES  
Audio sources and output devices (such as amplifiers or recorders) may be connected to the VS-5x4  
switcher through the RCA type connectors located on the back of the unit. The VS-5x4 supports  
unbalanced stereo audio signal types.  
11. USING the VS-5X4  
11.1 Turning On the Matrix  
The matrix should only be turned on after all connections are completed, and all source devices have  
been turned on. Do not attempt to connect or disconnect any video, audio or control signals to the  
switcher while it is turned on. Turn on the matrix by pressing the toggle switch on the far-left front  
panel to the up position. In the up position, the toggle switch glows.  
11.2 Using the Front Panel Controls  
The front panels of Kramer switchers and Matrices are designed to be simple to operate, and  
accomplish the basic function of selecting an input source and output device.  
11.2.1 Keystrokes  
Press the appropriate output key followed by the appropriate input key in order to switch an input  
to an output.  
Press “ALL” followed by the appropriate input key to connect an input to all the outputs.  
Pressing “OFF” instead of an input key will disconnect an output.  
For the above instructions, the display will flash the appropriate output(s) while waiting for the  
second keystroke (if the second key is not pressed within one minute, the pending operation is  
canceled).  
Pressing input keys 1, 2 and 3 simultaneously will reset the machine.  
11.3 DIP SWITCH Settings  
The Dip switches are situated on the main board within the machine. These switches are used for  
control of several machines via one RS-232 controller or for operating machines in parallel. The  
factory default setting is for a “Master” machine, i.e., either the first in the chain or stand-alone  
operation.  
If only one machine is used in the system, it must be set up as the master.  
If more than one machine is used, set up one as the master, and the others as slaves, each slave  
having its own unique “slave number” - except for the case where machines are hooked up in  
parallel (see below).  
The VS-5x4 reads the dip-switch setting on initialization (only), so if the settings are changed, the  
new switch settings are realized when the machine is turned on. Do not change the DIP switch  
settings while the machine is powered on.  
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KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
If several machines are to be used “in parallel” to switch together, e.g.. when using 4 machines  
together to make a 5X4 RGBS switcher, then all the parallel machines should be set up to have the  
same slave number and switch 4 should be ON for the machine which switches the syncs. A 9-pin flat  
cable should be used to interconnect the machines via their RS-232 ports.  
The dip-switch settings are as follows:  
1
2
3
4
ON  
5
ON  
6
ON  
7
ON  
8
ON  
UNIT 1 (Master)  
UNIT 2  
UNIT 3  
UNIT 4  
UNIT 5  
UNIT 6  
UNIT 7  
UNIT 8  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
ON  
ON  
ON  
ON  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
OFF  
12. RS-232 CONTROL  
1.  
2.  
3.  
To control the VS-5x4 using RS-232, connect the "9 pin to 9 pin adapter" (provided with the  
machine) to the 9 pin serial port of the PC. Use a flat cable to connect from the 9 pin of the VS-  
5x4 to the 9 pin of the null modem adapter. (The adapter is a null-modem plug and 9-pin to 9-  
pin converter - see diagram below).  
The DOS based PC program may be downloaded from the Internet at the Kramer Website /  
Technical support section. The website address is: www.kramerelectronics.com .The program  
allows control and monitoring of the VS-5x4 via an IBM compatible PC. Please read the  
readme.txt file before installation.  
The Windows ™ based program, the K-SWITCH software, which comes with the machine, is  
fully described in the software manual. Please follow the instructions carefully. If needed, you  
may download the latest version of the program from the site above.  
4.  
5.  
The protocol used for contro1ling the VS-5x4 may be found below.  
If several machines are used (in a master / slave setup, or if they are connected in parallel to  
switch together), then the machines should be daisy-chained via their 9 pin interface sockets  
using a flat-cable.  
13. AUDIO LEVEL CONTROL  
To select the audio gain for one of the outputs, simultaneously press this output key together with the  
“ALL” key. Then, while both these keys are being held down, press the input key according to the  
required gain defined as:  
1- 0 dB gain  
2- 2 dB gain  
3- 4 dB gain  
4- 6 dB gain  
14. PROTOCOLS USED FOR RS-232 COMMUNICATION  
The factory default of the VS 5x4 switcher is set for Protocol 2000. There are 2 built-in  
communication protocols. Choose to operate your VS 5x4 switcher using:  
Protocol 2000 (via the K-ontrol or K-Router software) to control different switchers or  
switchers/matrix groups from one screen.  
The old protocol (via the K-switch software) for simple and fast control of a single switcher or  
several interconnected machines.  
When not using the K-switch, K-ontrol or K-Router software, it is recommended to operate using  
Protocol 2000, which provides more control over the switchers, and is more advanced than the old  
protocol supported by the K-switch software.  
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KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
Set your VS 5x4 switcher to Protocol 2000 by setting DIP 5 OFF.  
Set your VS 5x4 switcher to the old protocol by setting DIP 5 ON.  
Get full details of Protocol 2000 via the Technical Support section of our Web site  
Communication with the VIS-5X4 is defined using 2 bytes of information. Data transfer is at 9600  
baud, with no parity, 8 data bits and one stop bit.  
MSB  
1st byte  
LSB  
MSB  
2nd byte  
LSB  
N7 N6 N5 N4 N3 N2 N1 N0  
N15 N14 N13 N12 N11 N10 N9 N8  
Where:  
N7 = 0 (continue bit).  
N6N5N4N3 = 1000 (transmitted by the machine (to the PC), but not necessary when transmitting to  
the machine).  
N2N1N0 is the binary value of the machine being addressed (or of the machine sending its data)  
minus one, e.g.. N2N1N0=000 to address machine #1 (the master);  
N2N1N0=101 to address machine #6.  
N15 = 1 (continue bit).  
N14 = 0 for all communication from the PC.  
N13N12 N11N10N9N8 = 10 0001 instructs a machine to send its present status. The machine returns  
16 bytes. 4 pairs of bytes are sent for the status of the 4 outputs as defined by the table below, and 4  
pairs for the gain settings of the 4 audio outputs as defined below.  
N13N12 N11N10N9N8 = 10 0010 success code (the machine acknowledges the requested change in  
status).  
N13N12 N11N10N9N8 = 10 0011 non-success code (the machine cannot perform the requested  
instruction).  
NB:- Success/non-success codes, (according to the validity of the request), are returned from the  
machine which was instructed to change its status.  
N13N12 N11N10N9N8 = 10 01GG set audio gain of output 1  
N13N12 N11N10N9N8 = 10 10GG set audio gain of output 2  
N13N12 N11N10N9N8 = 10 11GG set audio gain of output 3  
N13N12 N11N10N9N8 = 11 00GG set audio gain of output 4 where GG is defined as follows:  
00 = 0dB gain  
01 = 2dB gain  
10 = 4dB gain  
11 = 6dB gain  
The above gain setting codes are bi-directional, i.e., if the change was made on the machine, then the  
code is sent to the PC; and if the PC sends the code, then the change is made on the machine.  
When N13 is low then N12N11N10N9N8 corresponds to the status (or the required change in status)  
of the machine, as described in the table below. These are bi-directional codes.  
OUTPUT1  
OUTPUT2  
OUTPUT3  
OUTPUT4  
ALL  
21  
22  
23  
24  
25  
30  
FROM INPUT 1  
FROM INPUT 2  
FROM INPUT 3  
FROM INPUT 4  
FROM INPUT 5  
OFF  
1
2
3
4
5
9
13  
17  
26  
6
7
8
10  
14  
18  
27  
11  
15  
19  
28  
12  
16  
20  
29  
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KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
For example, to connect input 4 to output 2, N12N11N10N9N8 should be set up as 01110 (=14). To  
connect input 3 to all the outputs, set N12N11N10N9N8 = 11011 (=27). To disconnect output 1, set  
N12N11N10N9N8 = 11010 (=26). Similarly, if the front panel switches were pressed to connect input  
2 to output 3, then N12N11N10N9N8 would be transmitted as 00111 (=7).  
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KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
15. TAKING CARE OF YOUR MATRIX SWITCHER  
Do not locate your matrix in an environment where it is susceptible to dust or moisture. Both of these  
may damage the electronics, and cause erratic operation or failure. Do not locate your switcher where  
temperature and humidity may be excessive. Doing so may also damage the electronics, and cause  
erratic operation or failure of your switcher. Do not clean your switcher with abrasives or strong  
cleaners. Doing so may remove or damage the finish, or may allow moisture to build up. Take care not  
to allow dust or particles to build up inside unused or open connectors.  
16. TROUBLESHOOTING  
NOTES  
1. Please note that if the output signal is disturbed or interrupted  
by very strong external electromagnetic interference, it  
should return and stabilize when such interference ends. If  
not, turn the power switch off and on again to reset the  
machine.  
2. If the following recommended actions still do not result in  
satisfactory operation, please consult your KRAMER Dealer.  
16.1 Power and Indicators  
Problem  
Remedy  
1. Confirm that the rocker switch is in the “ON” position, and that the lamp  
is illuminated.  
No power  
2. Confirm that power connections are secured at the amplifier and at the  
receptacle. Make sure the receptacle is active, outputting the proper  
mains voltage.  
3. If there is still no power, check the fuse. Remove power cord from the  
AC outlet and from the machine and then, using a flat head screwdriver,  
remove the fuse holder located directly below the power connector.  
Confirm that the fuse is good by looking at the wire connected to the  
ends of the fuse. If the wire is broken, replace the fuse with another.  
16.2 Video Signal  
Problem  
Remedy  
No video at the output  
device, regardless of  
input selected.  
1. Confirm that your sources and output device are turned on and connected  
properly. Video signals connected to the input of your switcher should be  
of an identical signal format at the output of your source. Video signals  
at the output of your switcher should be of an identical signal format as  
at the input of your display or recorder.  
2. Confirm that any other switchers in the signal path have the proper input  
and/or output selected.  
3. Use the Video Tester to test the video path leading to/from your switcher  
(see section 4.1 " Video Tester")  
Video level is too high  
or too dim.  
1. Verify that the video line is well matched through 75ohm impedance,  
otherwise it results in a video level that is too high or too dim when  
looping is performed and the termination switches are not in proper  
position.  
2. Confirm that the connecting cables are of high quality, properly built and  
terminated with 75ohm BNC connectors. Check level controls located on  
your source input device or output display or recorder.  
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KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
Problem  
Remedy  
Noise bars “roll” up or  
down in the output  
image  
Hum bars (ground loop) are caused by a difference in the ground potential of  
any two or more devices connected to your signal path. This difference is  
compensated by passing that voltage difference through any available  
interconnection, including your video cables.  
or:  
WARNING!  
Do not disconnect the ground from any piece  
of video equipment in your signal path!  
Low frequency hum in  
the output signal  
Check the following to remove hum bars:  
1. Confirm that all interconnected equipment is connected to the same  
phase of power, if possible.  
2. Remove equipment connected to that phase that may introduce noise,  
such as motors, generators, etc.  
3. Disconnect all interconnect cables and reconnect them one at a time until  
the ground loop reappears. Disconnect the affected cable and replace, or  
insert an isolation transformer in the signal path.  
16.3 Audio Signal  
Problem  
Remedy  
No audio at the output  
device, regardless of input  
selected  
1. Confirm that your sources and output device are turned on and  
connected properly. Audio signals connected to the input of your  
switcher should be properly wired to the output of your source. Audio  
signals connected to output of your switcher should be properly wired  
to the input of your switcher or recorder.  
2. Confirm that any other switchers in the signal path have the proper  
input and/or output selected.  
Audio level is too low  
1.  
Confirm that the connecting cables are of high quality and properly  
built. Take special care in noting the wiring configuration of balanced  
to unbalanced cables.  
2. Check level controls located on your source input device or output  
display or recorder.  
16.4 Control  
Problem  
Remedy  
No control of switcher  
from PC software  
1. Confirm the wiring of the connecting cable. Cable length should not  
exceed 25 feet.  
2. Confirm that all DIP switches on the switcher have been set properly.  
Keep in mind that if you are only controlling one switcher on a  
specific port, that switcher must be assigned as unit “1”.  
3. Confirm that the baud rate of your computer COM port is set to the  
same as that of your switcher (9600-Baud). Confirm that the proper  
COM port is selected in the control software.  
4. Confirm that bi-directional communication is enabled on all  
switchers. With custom software, do not send multiple commands at  
the same time. The switcher must complete one command and send a  
reply before receiving another.  
5. Make sure that all switchers are powered up. Communication between  
the machines can only be done when all machine are turned on.  
12  
KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
LIMITED WARRANTY  
Kramer Electronics (hereafter Kramer) warrants this product free from defects in material and  
workmanship under the following terms.  
HOW LONG IS THE WARRANTY  
Labor and parts are warranted for three years from the date of the first customer purchase.  
WHO IS PROTECTED  
Only the first purchase customer may enforce this warranty.  
WHAT IS COVERED AND WHAT IS NOT COVERED  
Except as below, this warranty covers all defects in material or workmanship in this product. The  
following are not covered by the warranty:  
1) Any product which is not distributed by Kramer, or which is not purchased from an authorized  
Kramer dealer. If you are uncertain as to whether a dealer is authorized, please contact Kramer at  
one of the agents listed in the web site www.kramerelectronics.com.  
2) Any product, on which the serial number has been defaced, modified or removed.  
3) Damage, deterioration or malfunction resulting from:  
a) Accident, misuse, abuse, neglect, fire, water, lightning or other acts of nature.  
b) Product modification, or failure to follow instructions supplied with the product.  
c) Repair or attempted repair by anyone not authorized by Kramer.  
d) Any shipment of the product (claims must be presented to the carrier).  
e) Removal or installation of the product.  
f) Any other cause, which does not relate to a product defect.  
g) Cartons, equipment enclosures, cables or accessories used in conjunction with the product.  
WHAT WE WILL PAY FOR AND WHAT WE WILL NOT PAY FOR  
We will pay labor and material expenses for covered items. We will not pay for the following:  
1) Removal or installations charges.  
2) Costs of initial technical adjustments (set-up), including adjustment of user controls or  
programming. These costs are the responsibility of the Kramer dealer from whom the product was  
purchased.  
3) Shipping charges.  
HOW YOU CAN GET WARRANTY SERVICE  
1) To obtain service on you product, you must take or ship it prepaid to any authorized Kramer  
service center.  
2) Whenever warranty service is required, the original dated invoice (or a copy) must be presented as  
proof of warranty coverage, and should be included in any shipment of the product. Please also  
include in any mailing a contact name, company, address, and a description of the problem(s).  
3) For the name of the nearest Kramer authorized service center, consult your authorized dealer.  
13  
KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
LIMITATION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES  
All implied warranties, including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, are  
limited in duration to the length of this warranty.  
EXCLUSION OF DAMAGES  
Kramer’s liability for any defective products is limited to the repair or replacement of the product at  
our option. Kramer shall not be liable for:  
1) Damage to other property caused by defects in this product, damages based upon inconvenience,  
loss of use of the product, loss of time, commercial loss; or:  
2) Any other damages, whether incidental, consequential or otherwise. Some countries may not allow  
limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts and/or do not allow the exclusion or limitation of  
incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitations and exclusions may not apply to you.  
This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights, which vary from  
place to place.  
NOTE: All products returned to Kramer for service must have prior approval. This may be obtained  
from your dealer.  
NOTICE  
This equipment has been tested to determine compliance with the requirements of:  
EN-50081:  
EN-50082:  
CFR-47  
"Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC);  
Generic emission standard.  
Part 1: Residential, commercial and light industry"  
"Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC);  
Generic immunity standard.  
Part 1: Residential, commercial and light industry environment".  
FCC Rules and Regulations:  
Part 15- “Radio frequency devices:  
Subpart B- Unintentional radiators  
CAUTION!  
Servicing the machines can only be done by an authorized Kramer technician. Any user who  
makes changes or modifications to the unit without the expressed approval of the manufacturer  
will void user authority to operate the equipment.  
Use the supplied DC power supply to feed power to the machine.  
Please use recommended interconnection cables to connect the machine to other components.  
14  
KRAMER Electronics, Ltd.  
 
For the latest information on our products and a list of  
Kramer distributors, visit our Web site:  
Updates to this user manual may be found at  
We welcome your questions, comments and feedback.  
Kramer Electronics, Ltd.  
P/N: 2900-002076 REV 2  
 

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